Port planning in the face of artificial intelligence: towards an innovative methodological approach

Abstract

This paper explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in port planning, focusing on its integration with Digital Twin technologies to enhance decision-making processes. From the perspective of a Port Authority, the study highlights AI’s capacity to improve data integration, harmonization, and predictive analytics, addressing challenges related to the heterogeneity of datasets across institutional and territorial contexts. AI enables the transition from fragmented data to a coherent, standardized knowledge framework, facilitating scenario analysis and strategic planning, which are essential for effective port governance. AI supports infrastructure investments, operational resilience, and sustainable development by optimizing connectivity, forecasting cargo flows, and improving intermodal logistics. Additionally, AI enhances simulations for long-term resilience planning, particularly in response to climate change and evolving trade dynamics. The paper also examines AI’s role in aligning port planning with European-level platforms such as TEN-TEC, the Ocean Digital Twin, and the ESPON program. These frameworks provide essential tools for evidence- based policymaking and territorial cohesion, reinforcing the integration of AI-driven spatial analysis into strategic port planning. By leveraging AI, Port Authorities can transition from reactive governance to proactive, data-driven decision-making, ensuring efficiency, competitiveness, and resilience in modern port management.