Systematic review: effect of lipid and lipoprotein profiles on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease risk in premenopausal and postmenopausal women

Avinash Namdeo Jadhao, Anita Shivaji Chalak, Sandip Deepak Lambe

Abstract


Understanding the relationship between lipid profiles and cardiovascular health is crucial, particularly in the context of atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia, characterized by high LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol, is a significant contributor to atherosclerosis. In women, menopause shifts the lipid profile from a protective to an atherogenic one due to reduced estrogen levels, increasing cardiovascular risk. Additionally, surgical procedures like hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy, which cause abrupt declines in estrogen, further disrupt lipid profiles. Among 243 initially identified publications, 15 were thoroughly reviewed, leading to the inclusion of 9 studies. These studies show that surgical menopause typically results in increased total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, and decreased HDL-C, heightening cardiovascular risk. Effective monitoring and management of lipid profiles post-surgery are essential, and ovarian conservation during hysterectomy may mitigate some adverse lipid effects. Further longitudinal studies and personalized interventions are needed to enhance cardiovascular health in women undergoing surgical menopause.

 

Received: 17 July 2024

Accepted: 21 August 2024

Published: 09 September 2024


Keywords


Lipid metabolism, Dyslipidemia ,Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, Cardiovascular risk.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Gaggini M, Gorini F, Vassalle C. Lipids in Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and the Role of Calculated Lipid Indices in Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Hyperlipidemia. Vol. 24, International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023.

Lusis AJ. Atherosclerosis. Nature. 2000 Sep;407(6801):233–41.

Pappan Nikos, Awosika Ayoola, Rehman Anis. Dyslipidemia. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; 2024.

Kamińska MS, Schneider-Matyka D, Rachubińska K, Panczyk M, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Menopause Predisposes Women to Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med. 2023;12(22).

Fernandez ML, Murillo AG. Postmenopausal women have higher HDL and decreased incidence of low HDL than premenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Healthcare (Switzerland). 2016;4(1).

Raj A, Chakole S, Agrawal S, Gupta A, Khekade H, Prasad R, et al. The Impact of Menopause on Cardiovascular Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Androgen Influences. Cureus. 2023;

Michelsen TM, Rosland TE, Åsvold BO, Pripp AH, Liavaag AH, Johansen N. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality after hysterectomy and oophorectomy in a large cohort (HUNT2). Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102(4).

Kamińska MS, Schneider-Matyka D, Rachubińska K, Panczyk M, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Menopause Predisposes Women to Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med. 2023 Nov 13;12(22):7058.

Goldman GA, Schoenfeld A, Royburt M, Zeldin L, Kaplan B, Ovadia J. The effect of surgical castration on lipid metabolism in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 1996;66(2).

Suda Y, Ohta H, Makita K, Takamatsu K, Horiguchi F, Nozawa S. Influence of bilateral oophorectomy upon lipid metabolism. Maturitas. 1998;29(2).

B. R, N. R. A, Unnikrishnan Kartha TD. Effect of surgical menopause on serum lipid profile-a prospective study. International Journal of Advances in Medicine. 2018;5(1).

Yazdani S, Sharbatdaran M, Samakoosh MA, Bouzari Z, Masoudi Z. Glucose tolerance and lipid profile changes after surgical menopause. Caspian J Intern Med. 2014;5(2).

Farahmand M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Bahri Khomami M, Noroozzadeh M, Azizi F. Surgical menopause versus natural menopause and cardio-metabolic disturbances: A 12-year population-based cohort study. J Endocrinol Invest. 2015;38(7).

Kalyan S, Hitchcock CL, Pudek M, Prior JC. Acute effects of premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy on serum lipids, hormonal values, inflammatory markers, and metabolism. J Gynecol Surg. 2011;27(1).

Appiah D, Schreiner PJ, Bower JK, Sternfeld B, Lewis CE, Wellons MF. Is Surgical Menopause Associated With Future Levels of Cardiovascular Risk Factor Independent of Antecedent Levels? The CARDIA Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2015;182(12).

Kamińska MS, Schneider-Matyka D, Rachubińska K, Panczyk M, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Menopause Predisposes Women to Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med. 2023 Nov 13;12(22):7058.

Nie G, Yang X, Wang Y, Liang W, Li X, Luo Q, et al. The Effects of Menopause Hormone Therapy on Lipid Profile in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vol. 13, Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022.

Linton MF, Yancey PG, Davies SS, Jerome WG, Linton EF, Song WL, et al. The Role of Lipids and Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis. Science (1979). 2019;111(2877).

Li H, Sun R, Chen Q, Guo Q, Wang J, Lu L, et al. Association between HDL-C levels and menopause: a meta-analysis. Vol. 20, Hormones. 2021.

Warren Michelle P, Shu Aimee R, Dominguez Jennifer E. Menopause and Hormone Replacement. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000.; 2015.

Feingold KR, Grunfeld C. The Effect of Inflammation and Infection on Lipids and Lipoproteins. Endotext. 2000.

Prabakaran S, Schwartz A, Lundberg G. Cardiovascular risk in menopausal women and our evolving understanding of menopausal hormone therapy: risks, benefits, and current guidelines for use. Vol. 12, Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2021.

Bays HE, Kulkarni A, German C, Satish P, Iluyomade A, Dudum R, et al. Ten things to know about ten cardiovascular disease risk factors – 2022. Vol. 10, American Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2022.

Hodis HN, Mack WJ. Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy and Reduction of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease: It Is about Time and Timing. Vol. 28, Cancer Journal (United States). 2022.

Diab A, Dastmalchi LN, Gulati M, Michos ED. A Heart-Healthy Diet for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Where Are We Now? Vol. 19, Vascular Health and Risk Management. 2023.

Chhetry Minar, Jialal Ishwarlal. Lipid-Lowering Drug Therapy. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; 2023.

Perera R, McFadden E, McLellan J, Lung T, Clarke P, Pérez T, et al. Optimal strategies for monitoring lipid levels in patients at risk or with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review with statistical and cost-effectiveness modelling. Vol. 19, Health Technology Assessment. 2015.




DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21622/AMPDR.2024.04.2.931

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Avinash Namdeo Jadhao, Anita Shivaji Chalak, Sandip Deepak Lambe

Advances in Medical, Pharmaceutical and Dental Research
E-ISSN: 2812-4898
P-ISSN: 2812-488X 

Published by:

Academy Publishing Center (APC)
Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT)
Alexandria, Egypt
ampdr@aast.edu